Allelopathic Effects of Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera on Lolium rigidum in Wheat Field: Implications on the Reduction of Chemical Loads in Agro-Ecosystems

Weed control through allelopathic plants is a promising approach that may minimize many of negative consequences synthetic herbicides. We have studied potential Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. (boneseed) leaf extract for controlling growth Lolium rigidum (annual ryegrass) in wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) fields. Both pre-and post-emergent ryegrass-control experiments were conducted greenhouse using field soil. Treatments such as boneseed extracts (5 and 10% pre-emergent 10 20% experiments) alone or mixture combined with different strength (¼ ½ strength) (boxer gold) (hussar OD) herbicides applied on pre- ryegrass wheat. The findings revealed none the had significant inhibitory impact compared herbicide alone. Although we observed impacts (10 20%) control, they negligible to full Mixtures same doses increased concentration. Despite greater by higher concentration alone, suggest use ¼-strength was able successfully than without adverse This study suggests mixed lower be effective concomitant reductions expenses ecological health risks linked practice